@inproceedings{upm4312,
           title = {Phoneme and Sub-Phoneme T-Normalization for Text-Dependent Speaker Recognition},
         address = {EEUU},
       publisher = {IEEE},
       booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE Odyssey 2008 Workshop on Speaker and Language Recognition},
            year = {2008},
        abstract = {Test normalization (T-Norm) is a score normalization technique that is regularly and successfully applied in the context of text-independent speaker recognition. It is less frequently applied, however, to text-dependent or textprompted speaker recognition, mainly because its improvement in this context is more modest. In this paper we present a novel way to improve the performance of T-Norm for text-dependent systems. It consists in applying score TNormalization at the phoneme or sub-phoneme level instead of at the sentence level. Experiments on the YOHO corpus show that, while using standard sentence-level T-Norm does not improve equal error rate (EER), phoneme and sub-phoneme level T-Norm produce a relative EER reduction of 18.9\% and 20.1\% respectively on a state-of-the-art HMM based textdependent speaker recognition system. Results are even better for working points with low false acceptance rates.},
          author = {Torre Toledano, Doroteo and Esteve-Elizalde, Cristina and Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Joaquin and Fern{\'a}ndez Pozo, Rub{\'e}n and Hern{\'a}ndez G{\'o}mez, Luis Alfonso},
             url = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive/odyssey\%5f2008/od08\%5f029.html},
            isbn = {978-0-620-40331-3}
}