?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Simulaci%C3%B3n+y+estudio+de+la+complejidad+de+estados+en+computaci%C3%B3n+cu%C3%A1ntica+discreta&rft.creator=Mart%C3%ADn-Cuevas+Redondo%2C+Rafael&rft.contributor=Garc%C3%ADa+L%C3%B3pez+de+Lacalle%2C+Jes%C3%BAs&rft.contributor=Pozo+Coronado%2C+Luis&rft.subject=Computer+Science&rft.description=La+Computaci%C3%B3n+Cu%C3%A1ntica+se+presenta+como+un+paradigma+de+computaci%C3%B3n+no+cl%C3%A1sico+que+hace+uso+de+fen%C3%B3menos+cu%C3%A1nticos+para+la+realizaci%C3%B3n+de+c%C3%A1lculos+computacionales.+De+entre+sus+distintas+implementaciones+o+manifestaciones%2C+la+basada+en+puertas+cu%C3%A1nticas+se+considera+la+m%C3%A1s+vers%C3%A1til+o+de+aplicaci%C3%B3n+general%2C+por+su+posibilidad+de+construir+circuitos+a+partir+de+componentes+m%C3%A1s+elementales.+Dichos+componentes+son+las+puertas+cu%C3%A1nticas%2C+conceptualmente+equivalentes+a+sus+hom%C3%B3nimas+en+el+paradigma+de+computaci%C3%B3n+cl%C3%A1sica+o+basada+en+bits.+Mientras+que+las+puertas+l%C3%B3gicas+cl%C3%A1sicas+permiten+la+transformaci%C3%B3n+del+estado+presentado+por+un+registro+en+n+bits%2C+y+en+ello+basamos+la+pr%C3%A1ctica+totalidad+de+los+dispositivos+electr%C3%B3nicos+actuales%2C+las+puertas+cu%C3%A1nticas+permiten+a+su+vez+la+transformaci%C3%B3n+de+los+estados+de+registros+de+n+qubits.+A+dichos+estados%2C+se+los+denomina+estados+cu%C3%A1nticos.+A+diferencia+de+lo+que+ocurre+en+el+caso+de+un+bit%2C+que+puede+estar+%C3%BAnicamente+en+los+estados+0+o+1%2C+un+qubit+puede+encontrarse+en+cualquiera+de+ambos+estados+-denominados+cl%C3%A1sicos-%2C+o+en+una+superposici%C3%B3n+lineal+de+ambos.+Dicha+superposici%C3%B3n%2C+regida+por+coeficientes+complejos%2C+establece+qu%C3%A9+probabilidad+tenemos+de+obtener+el+qubit+un+estado+0%2C+o+un+estado+1%2C+si+le+aplicamos+un+proceso+de+medici%C3%B3n.+En+la+gran+variedad+de+formas+en+que+podemos+superponer+los+estados+cl%C3%A1sicos+de+cada+n-qubit%2C+reside+la+potencia+de+este+paradigma.+El+modelo+discreto+de+Computaci%C3%B3n+Cu%C3%A1ntica+propone+el+uso+de+estados+cu%C3%A1nticos+que+cumplen+unas+determinadas+propiedades%2C+simplificando+as%C3%AD+el+modelo+continuo+y+permitiendo+el+uso+de+nuevos+par%C3%A1metros+para+comprender+la+relaci%C3%B3n+entre+los+distintos+estados+cu%C3%A1nticos+y+su+transformaci%C3%B3n+mediante+puertas+cu%C3%A1nticas.+Concretamente%2C+se+destacan+dos%3A+el+n%C3%BAmero+m%C3%ADnimo+de+puertas+necesarias+para+alcanzar+un+determinado+estado+cu%C3%A1ntico+discreto+desde+uno+de+la+base+computacional+-complejidad+c-%2C+y+el+par%C3%A1metro+necesarios+para+mantener+la+norma+unitaria+del+vector+que+representa+el+estado+-novel+k-.+Su+estudio+ser%C3%A1+determinante+par+identificar+familias+de+estados+discretos+con+propiedades+particulares%2C+algoritmos+para+el+uso+o+la+exploraci%C3%B3n+del+modelo+discreto%2C+y+conclusiones+sobre+la+complejidad+de+los+estados+del+modelo.%0D%0AAbstract%3A%0D%0AQuantum+Computing+presents+itself+as+a+non-classical+computing+paradigm+that+uses+quantum+phenomena+to+make+computational+calculations.+Among+its+different+implementations+or+manifestations%2C+the+one+based+on+quantum+gates+is+considered+as+the+most+versatile+or+general-purpose+one%2C+due+to+its+ability+to+create+circuits+using+other+basic+components+as+its+building+blocks.+Those+basic+components+are+quantum+logic+gates%2C+conceptually+equivalent+to+their+homonym+counterpart+in+classical+or+bit-based+computing.+Whereas+classical+logic+gates+enable+the+transformation+of+any+state+of+a+register+of+n+bits%2C+and+almost+every+current+electronic+device+is+based+on+this+paradigm%2C+quantum+logic+gates+are+used+to+transform+the+states+allowed+by+a+register+of+n+qubits.+We+will+refer+to+those+states+of+a+n-qubit+as+quantum+states.+Opposed+to+a+bit%2C+that+can+only+be+in+either+a+0+or+1+state%2C+a+qubit+can+be+in+any+of+those+so-called+classical+states%2C+but+also+in+any+linear+superposition+of+both.+That+superposition%2C+determined+by+complex+coefficients%2C+establishes+the+probability+to+obtain+either+a+0+or+a+1+from+the+qubit%2C+after+applying+a+measuring+procedure+to+it.+The+computational+power+of+this+paradigm+is+based+on+the+huge+number+of+configurations+that+every+n-qubit+can+have.+The+discrete+model+of+Quantum+Computing+suggets+the+use+of+quantum+states+that+verify+certain+additional+properties%2C+therefore+simplifying+the+continuous+model%2C+and+en-abling+the+use+of+new+parameters+to+understand+the+relationship+between+different+quantum+states%2C+and+its+transformation+with+quantum+logic+gates.+Specifically%2C+two+are+highlighted%3A+the+minimum+number+of+gates+required+to+reach+a+quantum+state+from+one+of+the+computational+base+-complexity+c-%2C+and+the+parameter+needed+to+ensure+that+the+vector+that+represents+a+quantum+state+remains+unitary+-level+k-.+Their+study+will+play+a+key+role+in+identifying+families+of+quantum+states+with+relevant+characteristics%2C+algorithms+that+allow+for+the+use+or+the+exploration+of+the+discrete+model%2C+and+conclusions+about+the+complexity+of+the+states+of+this+model.&rft.publisher=E.T.S.I+de+Sistemas+Inform%C3%83%C2%A1ticos+(UPM)&rft.rights=https%3A%2F%2Fcreativecommons.org%2Flicenses%2Fby-nc-nd%2F3.0%2Fes%2F&rft.date=2018&rft.type=info%3Aeu-repo%2Fsemantics%2FbachelorThesis&rft.type=Final+Project&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=spa&rft.format=application%2Fzip&rft.language=spa&rft.rights=info%3Aeu-repo%2Fsemantics%2FrestrictedAccess&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Foa.upm.es%2F51970%2F