RT Journal Article SR 00 ID 10.1109/TMI.2018.2833288 A1 Ramos Llordén, Gabriel A1 Vegas Sánchez-Ferrero, Gonzalo A1 Björk, Marcus A1 Vanhevel, Floris A1 Parizel, Paul M. A1 San José Estépar, Raúl A1 Dekker, Arnold J. den A1 Sijbers, Jan T1 NOVIFAST: A Fast Algorithm for Accurate and Precise VFA MRI T1 Mapping JF IEEE transactions on medical imaging YR 2018 FD 2018-11 VO 37 IS 11 SP 2414 OP 2427 K1 T1 mapping; variable flip angle; SPGR; DESPOT1; relaxometry AB In quantitative magnetic resonance T1 mapping, the variable flip angle (VFA) steady state spoiled gradient recalled echo (SPGR) imaging technique is popular as it provides a series of high resolution T1 weighted images in a clinically feasible time. Fast, linear methods that estimate T1 maps from these weighted images have been proposed, such as DESPOT1 and iterative re-weighted linear least squares. More accurate, non-linear least squares (NLLS) estimators are in play, but these are generally much slower and require careful initialization. In this paper, we present NOVIFAST, a novel NLLS-based algorithm specifically tailored to VFA SPGR T1 mapping. By exploiting the particular structure of the SPGR model, a computationally efficient, yet accurate and precise T1 map estimator is derived. Simulation and in vivo human brain experiments demonstrate a twenty-fold speed gain of NOVIFAST compared with conventional gradient-based NLLS estimators while maintaining a high precision and accuracy. Moreover, NOVIFAST is eight times faster than the efficient implementations of the variable projection (VARPRO) method. Furthermore, NOVIFAST is shown to be robust against initialization. PB IEEE SN 0278-0062 LK https://oa.upm.es/55074/ UL https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8371285