Blockchain technologies in banking: a framework for implementation and analysis

Resumen

The integration of blockchain technology into the banking sector has the potential to reshape financial infrastructures by enhancing transparency, reducing operational costs, and improving transaction security. This thesis explores the application potential and technical challenges of blockchain in banking from both technical and business perspectives. The research begins with a comprehensive review of the current state of blockchain, including its core principles such as consensus mechanisms, distributed ledger architecture, and data management. Through analysis of pain points in traditional banking systems, the study identifies key areas where blockchain can add value.

A practical implementation framework is proposed, focusing on platform selection, consensus optimization, network topology, data handling, and system maintenance. To validate the framework, a Proof of Concept (PoC) system is designed and implemented using Hyperledger Fabric. The PoC simulates interbank payments between two institutions within a permissioned blockchain network, enabling smart contract-based transaction execution and performance testing.

The results demonstrate the feasibility of blockchain-based interbank solutions and highlight both the advantages and limitations of current technologies. This research contributes technical insights and implementation strategies for banking institutions considering blockchain adoption, and provides a foundation for further academic and industrial exploration.